演示数据集

library(ggplot2)

# 示例数据
data <- data.frame(
  x = 1:5,
  y = c(3, 5, 2, 7, 4)
)
data
# x y
#1 1 3
#2 2 5
#3 3 2
#4 4 7
#5 5 4

刻度标签倾斜

p1 <- ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity")+
  xlab("")+ # 取消x轴标签
  ylab("") # 取消y轴标签
  
p2 <- ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = -45))+ # 修改x轴刻度标签的倾斜角度
  geom_bar(stat = "identity")+
  xlab("")+ # 取消x轴标签
  ylab("") # 取消y轴标签

p1+p2

替换x轴刻度标签

# 替换x轴刻度标签
p1 <- ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity")+
  xlab("")+ # 取消x轴标签
  ylab("") # 取消y轴标签
 
 # x轴的数据是连续型数据
p1 + scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
                      labels = c("标签1", "标签2", "标签3", "标签4", "标签5"))

# x轴的数据是离散型数据
p1 + scale_x_discrete(labels = c("标签1", "标签2", "标签3", "标签4", "标签5"))

改变X刻度标签大小及颜色

p1 <- ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity")+
  xlab("")+ # 取消x轴标签
  ylab("") # 取消y轴标签

p2 <- ggplot(data, aes(x = x, y = y)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity")+
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(color = "red",size = 12))+
  xlab("")+ # 取消x轴标签
  ylab("") # 取消y轴标签

p1+p2