目录
简介
一、安装
1、安装准备
2、安装检查
3、创建帐户
4、修改PAM
5、关闭SELinux
二、VSFTP相关配置
三、重启并访问
四、卸载VSFTP
简介
VSFTP(也称为 VSFTPD,代表 "Very Secure FTP Daemon")是一个用于实现 FTP 服务的开源服务器软件。FTP(文件传输协议)是一种允许在网络上进行文件上传和下载的协议。VSFTP 被设计为高度安全、高性能、且可靠的 FTP 服务器解决方案。
VSFTP 具有以下特点:
- 安全性:它提供了多种安全特性,如支持 TLS/SSL 加密,以确保 FTP 传输的安全性。
- 高性能:VSFTP 被设计为能够处理大量并发连接而不会降低性能。
- 可配置性:用户可以根据需求配置其行为,包括控制用户权限、匿名 FTP、虚拟用户等。
- 兼容性:支持各种 FTP 标准和扩展。
VSFTP 通常用于 Linux 和类 Unix 系统,是流行的 FTP 服务器选择之一,适用于设置 FTP 服务以便在网络上共享文件。
一、安装
1、安装准备
安装前先准备好安装包,有镜像源的可以是下载yum源包,因为我这边是没有镜像源的,所以是有点是rpm离线安装包。
安装包我使用的是vsftpd-3.0.2-25.el7.x86_64版本的rpm包,包我放在下面,需要的可自提:
http://链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1uPuZ5IO93CNXe0baYOsZtA?pwd=ksqi 提取码:ksqi
2、安装检查
检查是否安装:
rpm -qa | grep vsftpd
安装已下载的rpm:
rpm -ivh vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
启动:
systemctl start vsftpd
设置开机自启动:
chkconfig --level 35 vsftpd on
3、创建帐户
创建用户(没有指定主目录,默认在/home创建用户名的目录作为主目录):
useradd ftpuser
创建用户并指定主目录:
useradd -d /home/ftpuser -m ftpuser
禁止用户登录访问操作系统:
usermod -s /sbin/nologin ftpuser
设置密码,需要复杂一点:
passwd ftpuser
4、修改PAM
有些centos7环境PAM不生效(以下选择性配置) :
vi /etc/pam.d/vsftpd
# auth required pam_listfile.so item=user sense=denyfile=/etc/vsftpd/ftpusers onerr=succeed# auth required pam_shells.so
5、关闭SELinux
二、VSFTP相关配置
vi /etc/vsftpd/user_list
vi /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
3、添加userconfig
mkdir /etc/vsftpd/userconfig
vi /etc/vsftpd/userconfig/ftpuser
************
# 添加以下内容,路径是独立磁盘的目录local_root=/opt/ftpuser************
4、更改vsftpd.conf(仅供参考,注意修改数据目录和用户名)
vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf## The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.## READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's# capabilities.## Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).anonymous_enable = NO## Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dirlocal_enable = YES## Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.write_enable = YES## Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)local_umask = 022## Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write,allow_ftpd_full_access#anon_upload_enable=YES## Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create# new directories.#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES## Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory.dirmessage_enable = YES## Activate logging of uploads/downloads.xferlog_enable = YES## Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).connect_from_port_20 = YES## If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not# recommended!#chown_uploads=YES#chown_username=whoever## You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown# below.#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog## If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.xferlog_std_format = YES## You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.#idle_session_timeout=600## You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.#data_connection_timeout=120## It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.#nopriv_user=ftpsecure## Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,# however, may confuse older FTP clients.#async_abor_enable=YES## By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains# the behaviour when these options are disabled.# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the# raw file.# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.#ascii_upload_enable=YES#ascii_download_enable=YES## You may fully customise the login banner string:#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.## You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES# (default follows)#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails## You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of# users to NOT chroot().# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the# chroot)#chroot_local_user=YES#chroot_list_enable=YES# (default follows)#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list## You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.#ls_recurse_enable=YES## When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction# with the listen_ipv6 directive.listen = YES## This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration# files.# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!listen_ipv6 = NOpam_service_name = vsftpduserlist_enable = YEStcp_wrappers = YESchroot_local_user = YESuserlist_deny = NOallow_writeable_chroot = YESuser_config_dir = /etc/vsftpd/userconfigpasv_min_port = 10060pasv_max_port = 12090ftp_username = ftpuser# 路径是独立磁盘的目录local_root = /opt/ftpuser# 连接端口(默认 21 )# listen_port=21
三、重启并访问
systemctl restart vsftpd