springboot如何发送邮件，java如何发送邮件随机码作为验证

maven

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.2</version>
        </dependency>

然后java

package com.metasoft.common.utils;



import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;

public final class JavaMailUntil {
    private JavaMailUntil() {}

    public static Session createSession() {

        //	账号信息
        String username = "skin_2023@qq.com";//	邮箱发送账号
        String password = "uncinojcclesurcdbb";//	邮箱授权码

        //	创建一个配置文件，并保存
        Properties props = new Properties();

        //	SMTP服务器连接信息
        //  126——smtp.126.com
        //  163——smtp.163.com
        //  qqsmtp.qq.com"
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com");//	SMTP主机名
        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
        //  126——25
        //  163——645
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");//	主机端口号
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//	是否需要用户认证
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enale", "true");//	启用TlS加密

        Session session = Session.getInstance(props,new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                return new PasswordAuthentication(username,password);
            }
        });

        //  控制台打印调试信息
        session.setDebug(true);
        return session;

    }

    //正则验证
    // 验证邮箱地址是否合法
    public static boolean isValidEmailAddress(String email) {
        String emailRegex = "^[a-zA-Z0-9_+&*-]+(?:\\.[a-zA-Z0-9_+&*-]+)*@(?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,7}$";
        return email.matches(emailRegex);
    }
}

然后就是业务层了，包含发送普通邮件，发送附件，发送图片邮件


	/**
	 * 发送邮件
	 */
	@PostMapping("/sendEmail")
	@ApiOperationSupport(order = 18)
	@ApiOperation(value = "发送激活邮件", notes = "传入id")
	public R sendEmail(String userIds) throws MessagingException {
		if (StringUtil.isBlank(userIds)) {
			return R.fail("请至少选择一个用户");
		}
		List<User> userList = userService.list(Wrappers.<User>lambdaQuery().in(User::getId, Func.toLongList(userIds)));

		//	创建Session会话
		Session session = JavaMailUntil.createSession();

		for (User user : userList) {
			String targetEmail = "";
			//优先判断user的account是不是邮箱地址，如果不是判断user的email是不是邮箱地址，如果也不是，直接抛出异常

			// 优先判断user的account是不是邮箱地址
			if (JavaMailUntil.isValidEmailAddress(user.getAccount())) {
				targetEmail = user.getAccount();
			} else {
				// 如果user的account不是邮箱地址，则判断user的email是不是邮箱地址
				if (JavaMailUntil.isValidEmailAddress(user.getEmail())) {
					targetEmail = user.getEmail();
				} else {
					// 如果都不是邮箱地址,直接跳过
					log.info("用户{}的email和account都不是邮箱地址", user.getId());
					continue;
				}
			}


			MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
			message.setSubject("邀请您激活账号");
			String activationLink = "http://localhost:2888/register?activationCode=" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
			String emailContent = "" +
					"\n" +
					"感谢您的注册。\n" +
					"\n" +
					"您目前处于已完成临时注册的状态。\n" +
					"\n" +
					"如需完成注册，请点击以下URL。" + activationLink;//todo 后续改成线上地址
			message.setText(emailContent);
			message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("skins_2023@qq.com"));
			message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(targetEmail));

			Transport.send(message);
		}

		return R.success("操作成功");
	}
	/**
	 * 发送邮件带附件
	 */
	@GetMapping("/sendEmailForFile")
	@ApiOperationSupport(order = 18)
	@ApiOperation(value = "发送邮件带附件", notes = "传入id")
	public R sendEmailForFile(String userIds) throws MessagingException {

		try {
			//	创建会话
			Session session = JavaMailUntil.createSession();

			//	创建邮件
			MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
			message.setFrom("发送的邮箱");
			message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("主要发送人邮箱"));
			message.setRecipients(MimeMessage.RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress[] {new  InternetAddress("抄送人邮箱"),new InternetAddress("抄送人邮箱")});
			message.setSubject("主题");

			//	邮件主体
			BodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
			textPart.setContent("文件内容","text/html;charset=utf-8");

			//	邮件附件
			BodyPart filePart = new MimeBodyPart();
			filePart.setFileName("附件显示名字.类型名");

			//	提交附件文件

			filePart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("本地文件路径")),"application/octet-stream")));

			Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
			multipart.addBodyPart(textPart);
			multipart.addBodyPart(filePart);

			//	将邮件装入信封
			message.setContent(multipart);

			Transport.send(message);
		} catch (AddressException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (MessagingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return R.success("操作成功");
	}/**
	 * 发送邮件带图片
	 */
	@GetMapping("/sendEmailForPhoto")
	@ApiOperationSupport(order = 18)
	@ApiOperation(value = "发送邮件带图片", notes = "传入id")
	public R sendEmailForPhoto(String userIds) throws MessagingException {

		try {
			//	创建会话
			Session session = JavaMailUntil.createSession();
			//	创建邮件
			MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
			message.setFrom("发送的邮箱");
			message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("主要发送人邮箱"));
			message.setRecipients(MimeMessage.RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress[] {new  InternetAddress("抄送人邮箱"),new InternetAddress("抄送人邮箱")});
			message.setSubject("主题");

			//	邮件主体
			BodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
			StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
			stringBuilder.append("文字");
			stringBuilder.append("文字");
			stringBuilder.append("<img src=\"cid:自定义id\"/>");
			textPart.setContent(stringBuilder.toString(),"text/html;charset=utf-8");


			//	邮件附件
			BodyPart filePart = new MimeBodyPart();
			filePart.setFileName("图片名称.jpg");

			//	提交附件文件
			filePart.setDataHandler(
					new DataHandler(
							new ByteArrayDataSource(
									Files.readAllBytes(
											Paths.get("本地路径")),
									"application/octet-stream")));

			filePart.setHeader("Content-ID","自定义id");

			Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
			multipart.addBodyPart(textPart);
			multipart.addBodyPart(filePart);

			//	将邮件装入信封
			message.setContent(multipart);

			Transport.send(message);
		} catch (AddressException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (MessagingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return R.success("操作成功");
	}

	/**
	 * 生成六位数随机验证码
	 */
	public String generateRandomCode() {
		Random random = new Random();
		int code = 100000 + random.nextInt(900000);
		return String.valueOf(code);
	}

	/**
	 * 发送包含验证码的邮件
	 */
	@GetMapping("/sendVerificationCode")
	public R sendVerificationCode(@RequestParam("emailAddress") String emailAddress) throws MessagingException {
		//验证邮箱地址是否正确
		boolean isValid = JavaMailUntil.isValidEmailAddress(emailAddress);

		if (!isValid) {
			return R.fail("邮箱地址不正确");
		}
		String verificationCode = generateRandomCode();

		// 创建邮件内容
		String emailContent = "您的验证码是：" + verificationCode+"。请在注册或登录时使用。有效期为10分钟。";

		// 创建Session会话
		Session session = JavaMailUntil.createSession();

		// 创建邮件对象
		MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
		message.setSubject("密码重置验证码");
		message.setText(emailContent);
		message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("skins_2023@qq.com"));
		message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(emailAddress));

		// 发送
		Transport.send(message);
		//验证码存入redis中方便后续读取，有效期为十分钟
		bladeRedis.getRedisTemplate().opsForValue().set("verificationCode:" + emailAddress, verificationCode, 10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

		return R.success("验证码已发送到您的邮箱，请查收！");
	}

	/**
	 * 账号激活
	 */
	@PostMapping("/activateAccount")
	public R activateAccount(@RequestBody RegisterUserVO userVO) throws MessagingException {
		log.info(userVO.toString());

		return R.success("账号激活");
	}
	/**
	 * 忘记密码-修改密码
	 */
	@PostMapping("/changePassword")
	public R changePassword(@RequestBody RegisterUserVO userVO) throws MessagingException {
		log.info(userVO.toString());
		//查询是否存在此邮箱的账号
		User user = userService.getOne(new QueryWrapper<User>().lambda().eq(User::getAccount, userVO.getUsername()));
		//如果查询不到用户，则返回错误信息
		if (user == null) {
			return R.fail("用户不存在");
		}
		//判断两次输入的密码是否一致
		if (!userVO.getPassword().equals(userVO.getPassword2())) {
			return R.fail("两次输入的密码不一致");
		}
		//判断验证码是否正确
		String verificationCode = (String)bladeRedis.getRedisTemplate().opsForValue().get("verificationCode:" + userVO.getUsername());
		if (!verificationCode.equals(userVO.getEmailCode())) {
			return R.fail("邮箱验证码错误");
		}

		// 修改密码
		userService.update(Wrappers.<User>update().lambda().set(User::getPassword, DigestUtil.hex(userVO.getPassword())).eq(User::getId, user.getId()));

		return R.success("密码修改成功");
	}

}

顺便也发出我写的前端代码，vue

<template>
  <div class="register-container" ref="register">
    <p style="line-height:150%; margin:50pt 0pt 20pt 50pt; text-align:center;">
      <span style="font-family:FZXiaoBiaoSong-B05S; font-size:26pt; display:inline-block;">重置密码</span>
    </p>
    <div class="register-form">
      <el-form :model="form" ref="form" :rules="rules" label-width="100px">
        <el-form-item label="登录邮箱" prop="username">
          <el-input v-model="form.username" placeholder="请输入邮箱"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item label="邮箱验证码" prop="emailCode">
          <el-input v-model="form.emailCode" placeholder="请输入邮箱验证码"></el-input>
          <el-button type="primary" @click="sendEmailCode" :disabled="countDown > 0">{{ countDown > 0 ? countDown + '秒后重新发送' : '发送验证码' }}</el-button>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item label="新密码" prop="password">
          <el-input type="password" v-model="form.password" placeholder="请输入新密码"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item label="确认新密码" prop="password2">
          <el-input type="password" v-model="form.password2" placeholder="请再次输入新密码"></el-input>
        </el-form-item>
        <el-form-item>
          <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm">提交</el-button>
        </el-form-item>
      </el-form>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import {changePassword, sendVerificationCode} from "@/api/register/register";
import md5 from 'js-md5';

export default {
  data() {
    return {
      form: {
        username: '',
        emailCode: '',
        password: '',
        password2: '',
      },
      rules: {
        username: [
          { required: true, message: '请输入邮箱', trigger: 'blur' },
        ],
        emailCode: [
          { required: true, message: '请输入邮箱验证码', trigger: 'blur' },
        ],
        password: [
          { required: true, message: '请输入密码', trigger: 'blur' },
        ],
        password2: [
          { required: true, message: '请再次输入密码', trigger: 'blur' },
        ],
      },
      countDown: 0,
    };
  },
  methods: {
    sendEmailCode() {
      // 编写发送邮箱验证码的逻辑
      if (this.countDown === 0) {
        // 模拟发送验证码，实际开发中调用后端接口
        console.log('发送验证码');
        sendVerificationCode(this.form.username).then(res => {
          //如果res的状态码为200，表示发送成功
          if (res.status === 200) {
            this.$message.success('验证码发送成功');
          } else {
            this.$message.error('验证码发送失败');
          }
        });
        this.countDown = 60;
        const timer = setInterval(() => {
          if (this.countDown > 0) {
            this.countDown--;
          } else {
            clearInterval(timer);
          }
        }, 1000);
      }
    },
    submitForm() {
      console.log("要发送的信息====", this.form);
      //todo 后续对密码的安全性做处理
      this.form.password = md5(this.form.password);
      this.form.password2 = md5(this.form.password2);

      changePassword(this.form).then(res => {
        this.$message({ type: "success", message: "提交成功!" });
        this.resetForm();
      }, error => {
        this.$message({ type: "error", message: "提交失败，请重试!" });
      });
    },
    resetForm() {
      this.form = {
        username: '',
        emailCode: '',
        password: '',
        password2: '',
      };
    },
  },
};
</script>

<style scoped>
.register-container {
  text-align: center;
}

.register-form {
  width: 400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.el-button {
  margin-left: 10px;
}

.el-form-item__content {
  display: flex;
}

.el-input {
  flex: 1;
}
</style>

这个就是重置密码利用邮箱验证60秒的功能