Rocky、Centos linux常用操作
修改Rocky服务器ip地址:
cd /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/
修改文件中的ip
systemctl restart NetworkManager
查看本机公网ip地址:
curl http://cip.cc
curl http://ipinfo.io
查看防火墙白名单:
firewall-cmd --list-all
查看防火墙状态:
firewall-cmd --state
firewall 添加和删除白名单:
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="需要访问后台的ip" port protocol="tcp" port="8080" accept'
firewall-cmd --reload
添加端口:
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=443/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="172.28.6.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="3306" accept'
firewall-cmd --reload
3删除可访问的ip
firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="要删除的ip" port protocol="tcp" port="3306" accept'
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="172.28.6.0/24" port protocol="tcp" port="3306" accept'
sed 命令修改文件内容
sed -i "s/pam_deny.so/pam_deny.so onerr=fail deny=5 unlock_time=600 root_unlock_time=600/" /etc/pam.d/password-auth
sed -i "s/#ClientAliveInterval 0/ClientAliveInterval 600/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i "s/local_users_only/local_users_only minlen=8 lcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 dcredit=-1 ocredit=-1 difok=5 enforce_for_root/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
systemctl restart sshd
查看8080端口占用进行:
netstat -tulnp | grep :8080
查看cpu、系统版等
lscpu
uname -a
cat /etc/os-release
Centos8更换国内yum源:
# 1. 备份当前的YUM源配置文件
sudo cp -a /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d.bak
# 2. 删除/移除当前的YUM源配置文件
sudo rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
# 3. 下载阿里云的CentOS 8 YUM源配置文件
sudo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
# 4. 重新加载YUM源
sudo yum clean all
sudo yum makecache
umount 挂载目录出现“device is busy”错误时,可以用命令:umount -fl 目录,解决。
当前日期输出为字符串:
echo $(date +"%Y%m%d%H%M")
ssh 连不上另一台linux服务器时:
echo "AllowUsers *@172.16.7.13" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
systemctl restart sshd
minio文件服务器搭建文档:
单节点单硬盘部署MinIO — MinIO中文文档 | MinIO Linux中文文档
linux定时执行:
crontab -e
30 1 * * 6 sh /root/fullBackup-244.sh 2>&1 > /root/mariadbBackup/log_$(date +\%Y-\%m-\%d-\%H-\%M)
30 1 * * 0-5 sh /root/increBackup-244.sh 2>&1 > /root/mariadbBackup/log_incre_$(date +\%Y-\%m-\%d-\%H-\%M)
docker代理设置
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors":[
"https://docker.1ms.run"
],
"dns": ["8.8.8.8", "114.114.114.114"],
"data-root": "/home/docker"
}
安全加固:
useradd -m -s /bin/bash jiajie
passwd jiajie
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin no
ssh连接空闲最大时长断开配置
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
ClientAliveInterval 300
ClientAliveCountMax 2
LoginGraceTime 60
systemctl restart sshd
vim /etc/profile
export HISTFILE=/dev/null
export HISTSIZE=0
export HISTFILESIZE=0
unset HISTFILE
TMOUT=300
密码复杂度控制:
vim /etc/pam.d/system-auth
vim /etc/pam.d/password-auth
password requisite pam_pwquality.so dcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 ocredit=-1 lcredit=-1 minlen=12 maxrepeat=3 reject_username enforce_for_root
用户密码最大修改时间设置:
vim /etc/login.defs
PASS_MAX_DAYS 90 # 密码最长使用 90 天,到期必须修改
PASS_WARN_AGE 7 # 过期前 7 天每日提醒
chage -M 90 -W 7 jiajie
chage -l jiajie