Linux PXE高效批量网络装机

系统初始化

systemctl disable --now firewalld.service

setenforce 0

vim /etc/selinux/config

安装软件

yum install -y tftp-server xinetd dhcp vsftpd syslinux

复制 vmlinuz initrd.img pxelinux.0 到 /var/lib/tftpboot/ 目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
CentOS_BuildTag  EULA  images    LiveOS    repodata              RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EFI              GPL   isolinux  Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost mnt]# cd images/
[root@localhost images]# ls
efiboot.img  pxeboot  TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost images]# cd pxeboot/
[root@localhost pxeboot]# ls
initrd.img  TRANS.TBL  vmlinuz
[root@localhost pxeboot]# cp vmlinuz initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/  #复制 vmlinuz  initrd.img到/var/lib/tftpboot/ 目录
cp：是否覆盖"/var/lib/tftpboot/vmlinuz"？ yes
cp：是否覆盖"/var/lib/tftpboot/initrd.img"？ yes   
[root@localhost pxeboot]# cd /usr/share/syslinux/ 
[root@localhost syslinux]# ls
altmbr.bin     dosutil       ifcpu64.c32         kbdmap.c32   pcitest.c32     syslinux.com
altmbr_c.bin   elf.c32       ifcpu.c32           linux.c32    pmload.c32      syslinux.exe
altmbr_f.bin   ethersel.c32  ifplop.c32          ls.c32       poweroff.com    ver.com
cat.c32        gfxboot.c32   int18.com           lua.c32      pwd.c32         vesainfo.c32
chain.c32      gptmbr.bin    isohdpfx.bin        mboot.c32    pxechain.com    vesamenu.c32
cmd.c32        gptmbr_c.bin  isohdpfx_c.bin      mbr.bin      pxelinux.0      vpdtest.c32
config.c32     gptmbr_f.bin  isohdpfx_f.bin      mbr_c.bin    reboot.c32      whichsys.c32
cpuid.c32      gpxecmd.c32   isohdppx.bin        mbr_f.bin    rosh.c32        zzjson.c32
cpuidtest.c32  gpxelinux.0   isohdppx_c.bin      memdisk      sanboot.c32
diag           gpxelinuxk.0  isohdppx_f.bin      memdump.com  sdi.c32
disk.c32       hdt.c32       isolinux.bin        meminfo.c32  sysdump.c32
dmitest.c32    host.c32      isolinux-debug.bin  menu.c32     syslinux64.exe
[root@localhost syslinux]# cp  pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ #复制pxelinux.0 到 /var/lib/tftpboot/ 目录
[root@localhost syslinux]# ls /var/lib/tftpboot/
initrd.img  pxelinux.0  vmlinuz

在 /var/lib/tftpboot/ 目录里准备 PXE 启动菜单配置文件 pxelinux.cfg/default

mkdir pxelinux.cfg

cd pxelinux.cfg/

vim default

default auto                                                    prompt 0                                                                
label auto                                      kernel vmlinuz                                                  
append initrd=initrd.img method=ftp://192.168.80.100/centos7 ks=ftp://192.168.80.100/ks.cfg

label linux text                                                
kernel vmlinuz
append text initrd=initrd.img method=ftp://192.168.80.100/centos7 ks=ftp://192.168.80.100/ks.cfg

label linux rescue                                              
kernel vmlinuz
append rescue initrd=initrd.img method=ftp://192.168.80.100/centos7 ks=ftp://192.168.80.100/ks.cfg

cd /etc/xinetd.d/

vim tftp

4）修改服务配置文件，启动 tftp-server xinetd dhcpd vsftpd 服务启动tftp xinetd systemctl enable --now tftp xinetd

dhcp 用于自动分配地址、指定PXE引导文件位置 next-server filename

cd /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/

\cp -f dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

cd /etc/dhcp/

vim dhcpd.conf

systemctl enable --now dhcpd

systemctl enable --now vsftpd

5）安装 system-config-kickstart ，准备 kickstart 自动应答文件，修改 PXE 启动菜单配置文件
yum install -y system-config-kickstar

打开服务器图形界面进行 kickstart 设置

复制ks.cfg文件到/var/ftp/ cp ks.cfg /var/ftp/

创建centos7空目录，准备把安装源挂载到

[root@localhost ftp]# mkdir centos7
[root@localhost ftp]# mount /dev/sr0 centos7/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ftp]# ls centos7
CentOS_BuildTag  EULA  images    LiveOS    repodata              RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EFI              GPL   isolinux  Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  TRANS.TBL

准备一台虚拟机centos7-5进行测试